12V, 24V 또는 48V LED 스트립 시스템을 선택해야 하는 경우는?

소개

In LED 스트립 조명 installations, voltage selection is often underestimated, yet it directly impacts brightness consistency, energy efficiency, and long-term maintenance costs. Many installers have experienced frustrating situations—LED strips dimming halfway through a run, or frequent power feeds needed after installation. In most cases, these issues are caused by choosing the wrong voltage system: 12V, 24V, or 48V. For a deeper comparison between the two most common voltages, see our full guide: 12V vs 24V LED Strip Lights – How to Choose.

Choosing the right LED strip voltage is crucial for preventing voltage drop—a loss of voltage that happens when electrical current travels through the strip, causing uneven brightness and wasted energy. Higher voltage systems reduce current for the same power output, which minimizes voltage drop and heat buildup, especially over long runs.

For example, 12V LED strips offer high flexibility and are ideal for short-run DIY projects; 24V LED strips strike a great balance between performance and cost for medium-length runs; while 48V LED strips excel in long-distance installations and large-scale engineering projects. This guide will break down voltage basics, performance differences, and best-use scenarios—helping you choose the right LED strip voltage for any lighting project with confidence.

Understanding LED Strip Voltage

When selecting the LED strip voltage, it’s important to understand the relationship between voltage and the maximum run length for LED strip lights.
For constant voltage LED strips, a higher voltage means less current is needed to deliver the same power, which helps reduce voltage drop and maintain consistent brightness across the entire length of the strip.

Typical specifications:

12V LED strips: Maintain stable brightness up to about 5 meters (16 feet); beyond this length, noticeable dimming may occur.

24V LED strips: Commonly support runs of around 10 meters (33 feet), with some high-quality options reaching up to 15 meters.

48V LED strips: Can run 15–20 meters (50–65 feet) or more; when paired with a constant current LED strip system, lengths of 30–40 meters (100–130 feet) or longer are achievable.

Another key concept is constant voltage vs. constant current:

Constant voltage LED strips (such as 12V, 24V, 48V) use a fixed voltage power supply and are simple to install and control, but are more prone to voltage drop over long distances.

Constant current LED strips provide a stable current output, ensuring uniform brightness and color temperature across extended lengths—ideal for large-scale projects requiring maximum performance and consistency.

By understanding these fundamentals, you can choose the correct LED strip voltage that balances installation length, brightness consistency, wiring complexity, and overall cost, ensuring both efficiency and visual quality.

SMD2835 LED 스트립 조명

주요 모델: FQX08T120C
미터당 LED 수량 옵션: 60/72/120/128/140
PCB 너비 옵션: 6mm/8mm/10mm
색상 옵션: 2700K/3000K/4000K/5000K/6500K
CRI 옵션: 80/90
입력 전압: DC12V/DC24V
미터당 전력: 6W/8W/9.6W/12W/14.4W/19.2W
능률: 100-200 루멘/와트
IP 등급 옵션: IP20/IP54/IP65/IP67/IP68
보증: 5년

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SMD2216 LED 스트립 조명

주요 모델: FWX10T240C
미터당 LED 수량 옵션: 120/180/240/300/420
PCB 너비 옵션: 5mm/10mm
색상 옵션: 2700K/3000K/4000K/5000K/6500K
CRI 옵션: 80/90
입력 전압: DC12V/DC24V
미터당 전력: 9.6W/10W/14.4W/19.2W/20W/24W
IP 등급 옵션: IP20/IP54/IP65/IP67/IP68
보증: 5년

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정전류 롱런 LED 스트립 조명

주요 모델: FQX10T120D
롤당 미터 옵션: 10m/20m/30m/50m
PCB 너비 옵션: 10mm/12mm
색상 옵션: 2700K/3000K/4000K/5000K/6500K
CRI 옵션: 80/90
입력 전압: DC24V/DC36V/DC48V
미터당 전력: 4.2W/7.2W/8.5W/12W
IP 등급 옵션: IP20/IP54/IP65/IP67/IP68
보증: 5년

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When to Choose 12V, 24V, or 48V LED Strip Lights

12V LED Strip Lights

12V LED strip lights operate at a lower voltage, meaning higher current for the same wattage. This design allows shorter cutting intervals—typically 25–50 mm—making them perfect for detailed installations like display shelves, furniture accents, and automotive interiors.
However, because low-voltage systems are more prone to voltage drop, runs longer than 5 m without power injection can lead to noticeable brightness loss. This is due to resistance in the strip’s conductors and wiring, a limitation more pronounced in 12V than in 24V or 48V systems.

Best for:

Short runs up to 5 m without visible brightness loss

Decorative and accent lighting in furniture, shelves, and small spaces

Automotive, marine, RV, and solar-powered low-voltage systems

24V LED Strip Lights

24V LED strip lights double the voltage of 12V systems, cutting the current in half for the same power output. This reduces heat buildup and voltage drop, enabling runs up to 10 m without brightness loss.
The higher voltage means better efficiency and more stable illumination for applications like hotel cove lighting, retail shelves, and office accent lighting. While cutting intervals are typically longer (50–100 mm), limiting ultra-precise trimming, the overall balance between efficiency, cost, and brightness stability makes 24V the preferred choice for many commercial projects.

Best for:

Medium-length installations around 10 m

Commercial lighting in hotels, offices, and retail shelf displays

Spaces requiring consistent brightness and smooth dimming performance

48V LED Strip Lights

48V LED strip lights offer the lowest current flow for the same wattage, dramatically minimizing voltage drop even over distances of 15–20 m or more. This allows uniform brightness across large-scale installations such as building facades, long coves, or outdoor architectural features without frequent power injection points.
The reduced wiring complexity and fewer power supplies lower installation and maintenance costs. However, cutting intervals are the longest (100–200 mm), limiting use in designs that require precision fitting. Also, compatible drivers and dimming systems are less common compared to 12V and 24V options.

Best for:

Long-distance installations of 15–20m or more

Architectural facade lighting, ceiling coves, and large outdoor projects

Commercial or engineering projects aiming to minimize wiring and power feeds

LED Strip Voltage Selection Guide

*Max run length is based on standard installation without additional power injection.

Mistakes to Avoid When Choosing LED Strip Voltage

Choosing the wrong LED strip voltage can lead to brightness loss, overheating, or costly rework. Here are the most common mistakes to avoid:

Using 12V strips for long runs without power injection

12V LED strips are ideal for short runs (≤5 m). Using them for longer distances without adding extra power feeds will cause visible brightness drop.

Cutting the strip at the wrong position

Whether it’s 12V, 24V, or 48V, always cut at the designated copper pads. Cutting elsewhere can damage the circuit and make the strip unusable.

Matching the wrong power supply voltage

Never connect a 12V strip to a 24V or 48V power supply (or vice versa). This can instantly burn out the LEDs.

Learn more about why mismatching voltages can damage your LEDs in our detailed guide: Plugging 12V LED Strips into a 24V Power Supply.

Ignoring voltage drop calculations

For runs over 5 m (12V), 10 m (24V), or 20 m (48V), calculate voltage drop in advance and plan for power injection or higher-voltage systems.

Overloading the power supply

Always choose a driver with at least 20–30% more capacity than the total wattage of your LED strips.

FAQ – LED Strip Voltage Selection

결론

Choosing the right LED strip voltage affects not only the installation results but also brightness consistency, energy efficiency, and maintenance costs.

Short runs & precision lighting: Go for 12V for flexible cutting and compatibility with low-voltage battery systems.

Medium runs & commercial spaces: Choose 24V for a balanced mix of performance and cost.

Long runs & large-scale projects: Opt for 48V to minimize voltage drop and simplify wiring.

For the best outcome, consider run length, cutting requirements, power layout, and safety before deciding—this ensures the optimal balance between performance, cost, and maintenance.

To estimate your project’s energy use and efficiency, check our complete guide: How Much Electricity Does an LED Strip Light Use?